STUDENT SPACE · TOPIC 2

Oxidation numbers

Use oxidation numbers to recognise redox and name compounds.

The essentials

  • An uncombined element has oxidation number 0. A monatomic ion has the same oxidation number as its charge.
  • In the compounds used here, O is −2 and H is +1. Group I metals are +1; Group II metals are +2.
  • Iron(II) chloride is FeCl₂. Iron(III) chloride is FeCl₃.

Key vocabulary

EnglishChinese
oxidation number氧化数
uncombined element游离态元素
monatomic ion单原子离子
Roman numeral罗马数字

Quick practice

Try each question before opening its hint or answer. Use paper for calculations and diagrams.

Question 1

In HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O, do any oxidation numbers change?

Need a hint for Question 1?

Write the total required charge beside the formula before setting up the equation.

Check Question 1

No. This neutralisation is not a redox reaction.

Question 2

Find the oxidation number of S in SO₂ and in SO₄²⁻.

Need a hint for Question 2?

Oxygen is −2; oxidation numbers sum to the overall charge.

Check Question 2

S is +4 in SO₂; +6 in SO₄²⁻.

Question 3

In 2Fe²⁺ + Cl₂ → 2Fe³⁺ + 2Cl⁻, identify what is oxidised and what is reduced.

Need a hint for Question 3?

Increasing oxidation number means oxidation.

Check Question 3

Fe²⁺ is oxidised: +2 to +3. Cl₂ is reduced: 0 to −1.

Use Lesson 2 in your worksheet for written practice. Your teacher will discuss those answers in class.

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